Life Expectancy in Life Care Planning

Reviewed by KW Life Care Planning Editorial Team

Life expectancy sets the horizon of a life care plan: how many years each recurring item is carried and how many replacement cycles each piece of equipment gets. The planner starts from published population life tables and applies any condition-specific adjustment only when a qualified physician supports it.

When it is used

Every life care plan and medical cost projection states the horizon over which costs are projected. The question is contested most often in spinal cord injury, severe brain injury, and cerebral palsy cases, where the defense may argue for a shortened expectancy and the plaintiff for population norms.

Step-by-step

  1. Identify the evaluee's current age and sex and look up the remaining life expectancy in the current published United States life tables
  2. Review the record for any physician opinion that the condition, its severity, or its complications alter expectancy, and for any rated age issued for settlement purposes
  3. Where a reduced expectancy is supported, document the source, the reasoning, and the resulting horizon; where it is not, carry population expectancy and say so
  4. Apply the chosen horizon consistently to every recurring item and to each equipment replacement schedule
  5. Where the parties dispute expectancy, present the plan at each proposed horizon so the trier of fact can see the cost consequence of the medical dispute

Data sources

Limitations

A life table is a population average. A life care planner is not qualified to shorten or lengthen the evaluee's expectancy on the planner's own authority; any departure from the published table must rest on a physician's opinion in the record. Expectancy also changes as the person ages and as treatment evolves, which is one reason a plan update restates the horizon.

Admissibility

Reliance on published government life tables is routine and rarely challenged. Disputes concern the adjustment: whether the physician who reduced expectancy had a sufficient basis, and whether the planner presented the alternative horizons transparently.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does a life care planner decide the evaluee's life expectancy?

No. The planner adopts the published population figure unless a qualified physician has opined that the condition changes it. The planner documents which basis was used and, where the record contains competing opinions, may present the plan at more than one horizon.

What is a rated age?

A rated age is an underwriter's estimate of the age a person's health profile corresponds to for annuity pricing. It is used in structured settlements and Medicare set-aside allocations. It is a pricing device, not a medical opinion, and a life care plan for litigation does not rely on it for the plan horizon.

How does the horizon interact with equipment replacement?

Each item with a replacement interval is carried for the number of cycles that fit within the horizon. A wheelchair replaced every five years over a forty-year horizon appears eight times; over a twenty-year horizon, four. The horizon therefore drives the total even for one-time and periodic items.

References

Discuss how this applies to your case

KW Life Care Planning provides independent, objective life care planning analysis for plaintiff and defense counsel nationwide. Tell us about the matter and we will scope the appropriate deliverable, or explore the relevant practice area below.

Request a Consultation or call (201) 343-0700.